| Built-up Roof |
A low-slope or flat roof covered with alternating layers of roofing felt and hot-mopped asphalt and topped off with a layer of gravel. |
| Cornice |
The wood or metal finishing at ends or edges of building, including a fascia, frieze, or rake. |
| Counter Flashing |
The flashing that is embedded, or attached, and sealed at its top in a wall or other vertical structure and is lapped down over base flashing. |
| Courses |
Horizontal rows of shingles or tiles |
| Drip |
The strip of metal extending out beyond the eaves or rakes to prevent rainwater from curling around the shingles back into the wooden portion of the house. |
| Eaves |
The lower edge of a roof (often overhanging beyond the edge of the house). |
| Eave, Ice, and Snow Guard |
A 3-foot wide rubber membrane adhered to the sheathing at the roof's edge that attempts to stop migrating water from entering your home during severe ice dams. |
| Felt |
The bituminous paper used by roofers, usually made of a combination of asphalt and either paper or rags. |
| Fascia |
A decorative board extending down from the roof edge either at the eave or at the rake. |
| Flashing |
Sheet metal or other material used at various planes on a roof to prevent water leakage. |
| Frieze Board |
A board at the top of the house's finished wall, forming a corner with the soffit. |
| Rafter |
Structural wood, usually slanted, to which sheathing is attached. |
| Rake |
The slanting edge of a gable roof at the end wall of the house. |
| Ridge |
The horizontal line at the top edge of two sloping roof planes. |
| Sheathing |
Boards or sheet material that are nailed to the rafters to which shingles or other outside roofing materials are secured. |
| Shingle Flashing |
Flashing that is laid in strips under each shingle and bent up at the edge of a chimney or wall. |
| Pitch (slope) |
The number of inches of vertical rise in a roof per 12-inches of horizontal distance. |
| Soffit |
The area that encloses the underside of that portion of the roof that extends out beyond the sidewalls of the house. |
| Square |
One hundred square feet of roof or the amount of roofing material needed to cover 100 square feet when properly applied. |
| Underlayment |
The material (usually roofing felt) laid on top of sheathing before shingles are applied. |
| Valley |
Where two sloping roof sections come together. |
| Valley Flashing |
The metal or fabric in valleys, extending in under the shingles on both sides. |
